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One of the earliest cultivations of coffee in the New World was when Gabriel de Clieu brought coffee seedlings to Martinique in 1720. These beans later sprouted 18,680 coffee trees which enabled its spread to other Caribbean islands such as Saint-Domingue and also to Mexico. By 1788, Saint-Domingue supplied half the world's coffee. [2]
Indonesia was the fourth-largest producer of coffee in the world in 2014. [1] Coffee cultivation in Indonesia began in the late 1600s and early 1700s, in the early Dutch colonial period, and has played an important part in the growth of the country. Indonesia is geographically and climatologically well-suited for coffee plantations, near the ...
The following list of countries by coffee production catalogues sovereign states that have conducive climate and infrastructure to foster the production of coffee beans. [1] Many of these countries maintain substantial supply-chain relations with the world's largest coffeehouse chains and enterprises. [2]
Coffee is grown in more than 70 countries, although just four — Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia — account for 60% of the world's supply, which totals about 10 million tons of beans ...
Coffee plants grow within a defined area between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, termed the bean belt or coffee belt. [52] In 2020, the world production of green coffee beans was 175,647,000 60 kg bags, led by Brazil with 39% of the total, followed by Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia. [53]
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Much of the popularization of coffee is due to its cultivation in the Arab world, beginning in what is now Yemen, by Sufi monks in the 15th century. [2] Through thousands of Muslims pilgrimaging to Mecca, the enjoyment and harvesting of coffee, or the "wine of Araby" spread to other countries (e.g. Turkey, Egypt, Syria) and eventually to a majority of the world through the 16th century.
The bean was the country's main export product for almost 100 years. [19] It was like this all the way to 1945, and coffee exports continued to amount to a third of Brazil's revenue even in 1970. [11] Even during the Empire, Brazil became the world's leading coffee producer, accounting for more than 60% of all the country's exports. [20]