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  2. Termination signal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termination_signal

    In the context of translation, a termination signal is the stop codon on the mRNA that elicits the release of the growing peptide from the ribosome. [2] Termination signals play an important role in regulating gene expression since they mark the end of a gene transcript and determine which DNA sequences are expressed in the cell. [1]

  3. Denaturation (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_(biochemistry)

    In biochemistry, denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose folded structure present in their native state due to various factors, including application of some external stress or compound, such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), agitation and radiation, or heat. [3]

  4. Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_gradient_gel...

    However, sequence variations (i.e. differences in GC content and distribution) between different microbial rRNAs result in different denaturation properties of these DNA molecules. Hence, DGGE banding patterns can be used to visualize variations in microbial genetic diversity and provide a rough estimate of the richness of abundance of ...

  5. Southern blot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_blot

    Denaturation: If alkaline transfer methods are used, the DNA gel is placed into an alkaline solution (typically containing sodium hydroxide) to denature the double-stranded DNA. The denaturation in an alkaline environment may improve binding of the negatively charged thymine residues of DNA to a positively charged amino groups of membrane ...

  6. Denaturation mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_mapping

    In the earliest forms of denaturation mapping, DNA was denatured by heating in presence of formaldehyde [1] or glyoxal [3] and visualized using electron microscopy. Dyes that selectively bind to double stranded DNA like ethidium bromide could be used to monitor the extent of denaturation. But it was not possible to observe locations of ...

  7. Nick translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_translation

    Nick translation [1] (or head translation), developed in 1977 by Peter Rigby and Paul Berg, is a tagging technique in molecular biology in which DNA polymerase I is used to replace some of the nucleotides of a DNA sequence with their labeled analogues, creating a tagged DNA sequence which can be used as a probe in fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or blotting techniques.

  8. Eukaryotic translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_translation

    Translation is one of the key energy consumers in cells, hence it is strictly regulated. Numerous mechanisms have evolved that control and regulate translation in eukaryotes as well as prokaryotes. Regulation of translation can impact the global rate of protein synthesis which is closely coupled to the metabolic and proliferative state of a cell.

  9. Untranslated region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untranslated_region

    The 5' UTR is upstream from the coding sequence. Within the 5' UTR is a sequence that is recognized by the ribosome which allows the ribosome to bind and initiate translation. The mechanism of translation initiation differs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The 3' UTR is found immediately following the translation stop codon.