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The educated and well-traveled Vibia Sabina (c. 136 AD) was a grand-niece of the emperor Trajan and became the wife of his successor Hadrian. [1]Freeborn women in ancient Rome were citizens (cives), [2] but could not vote or hold political office. [3]
Funeral monument of a Roman midwife. In ancient Rome, childbirth was the aim of a Roman marriage. Procreation was the prime duty and expectation of a woman. [1] Childbirth also brought upon high risk to both the mother and child due to a greater chance of complications, which included infection, uterine hemorrhage, and the young age of the mothers.
Free-born women in ancient Rome were citizens , but could not vote or hold political office. Women were under exclusive control of their pater familias, which was either their father, husband, or sometimes their eldest brother. [2] Women, and their children, took on the social status of their pater familias.
Individuals belonging to a specific social class in Rome had modified versions of citizenship. Roman women had a limited form of citizenship. They were not allowed to vote or stand for civil or public office. The rich might participate in public life by funding building projects or sponsoring religious ceremonies and other events.
Members of the upper classes thus had most to lose. Citizens who had already produced three children, and freed persons who had produced four, were exempt. Marriages between senators, freed women, enslaved people and citizens were declared legally void. Children born to such liaisons were illegitimate, non-citizen and unable to inherit. [30]
During the time of the Roman Republic (founded in 509 BC) Roman citizens were allowed to vote. This included patricians and plebeians. Women, slaves, and children were not allowed to vote. There were two assemblies: the comitia centuriata and the comitia populi tributa, which were made up of all the citizens
More and more women are choosing to establish themselves in their careers first and then having children. However, the fact is that America also has way fewer teen moms than it had in the 1990s.
The average life expectancy in Ancient Rome at birth was 27 years old. [2]: 16 Early deaths in women were common because of the dangers of childbirth and men often died on the battlefield. Those who lived to an elderly age expected their children to take care of them.