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Alternative fuels, also known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, [1] are fuels derived from sources other than petroleum. [2] Alternative fuels include gaseous fossil fuels like propane , natural gas , methane , and ammonia ; biofuels like biodiesel , bioalcohol , and refuse-derived fuel ; and other renewable fuels like hydrogen and ...
There is a limited amount of fossil fuel inside the Earth. Since the current world energy resources and consumption is mainly fossil fuels, society is very dependent on them for both transportation and electric power generation. The Hubbert peak theory predicts that oil depletion will result in oil production dropping off in the not too distant ...
Conventional fuels include fossil fuels such as coal, oil (including fuel oil, diesel fuel, and gasoline), and natural gas. [2] [circular reference] Fossil fuels have many negative externalities, most notably air pollution and contributing to climate change. Both the extraction and combustion of conventional fuels have negative externalities.
Fossil-fuel phase-out is the largest part of limiting global warming as fossil fuels account for over 70% of greenhouse gas emissions. [49] In 2020, the International Energy Agency said that to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, the phase-out of fossil fuels would need to "move four times faster". [50]
The transportation sector contributes a fair share in polluting the environment by utilizing fossil fuels, which increases the carbon footprint and boosts air pollution. In 2023, the CO2 emissions from the transportation sector increased by over 250 metric tons of CO2 and touched 8.25 Gigatonne (GT) CO2, nearly 4% more than in 2022.
To heat buildings, alternatives to burning fossil fuels and biomass include electrification through heat pumps or electric heaters, geothermal energy, central solar heating, reuse of waste heat, and seasonal thermal energy storage. [199] [200] [201] Heat pumps provide both heat and air conditioning through a single appliance. [202]
Increasingly, this solution is proving to be a viable, cost-effective alternative for supplying electricity (or at least backup power) to entire buildings, data centers, EV charging stations, and ...
Solar fuels, in particular hydrogen, are viewed as an alternative source of energy for replacing fossil fuels especially where storage is essential. Electricity can be produced directly from sunlight through photovoltaics , but this form of energy is rather inefficient to store compared to hydrogen. [ 7 ]