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Free radical toxicity induced by xenobiotics and the subsequent detoxification by cellular enzymes (termination). Effects of ROS on cell metabolism are well documented in a variety of species. [ 19 ] These include not only roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death) but also positive effects such as the induction of host defence [ 36 ] [ 37 ...
[8] [9] [10] Similar to melatonin but unlike other antioxidants, it scavenges radicals without subsequently generating reactive and pro-oxidant intermediate compounds. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 11 ] C. sporogenes is the only species of bacteria known to synthesize 3-indolepropionic acid in vivo at levels which are subsequently detectable in the blood ...
The free radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. [1] A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. [2] While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically relevant free radicals are highly ...
2,4,6-TTBP is used as stabilizers, free-radical scavengers and antioxidants in technical applications, such as in fuels, hydraulic fluids and lubricating oils, as well as in elastomeric and thermoplastic polymers.
[10] [13] [14] Upon the exposure to light, the aroma 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione (MND) is formed from furan fatty acids in the reaction with singlet oxygen, which has a hay-like odor and is found, for example, in green tea. [15] [16] Furan fatty acids act as radical scavengers. In the example, two hydroxyl radicals are trapped to form a dioxoenoic ...
Systemic acquired resistance, which is analogous to innate immunity in animals, is also induced in the exposed plant cells. [29] Hydrogen peroxide exposure may also result in hypersensitive response , which is the death of a small number of host cells at the site of infection, for the purpose of limiting pathogenic infection.
A free-radical reaction is any chemical reaction involving free radicals. This reaction type is abundant in organic reactions . Two pioneering studies into free radical reactions have been the discovery of the triphenylmethyl radical by Moses Gomberg (1900) and the lead-mirror experiment [ 1 ] described by Friedrich Paneth in 1927.
In atmospheric chemistry, the most common scavenger is the hydroxyl radical, a short-lived radical produced photolytically in the atmosphere. It is the most important oxidant for carbon monoxide, methane and other hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and most of other contaminants, removing them from the atmosphere.