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The IgG antibody is similar to AGA IgA, but is found at higher levels in patients with the IgA-less phenotype. It is also associated with coeliac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. [5] [6] [7] Anti-gliadin antibodies are frequently found with anti-transglutaminase antibodies.
Schematic representation of antibody. Anti-actin antibodies (AAA) [1] are found at increased frequency in certain autoimmune diseases and may be of some diagnostic value.. In coeliac disease, anti-actin antibody levels correlate with the level of intestinal damage.
The response is also dependent on the genetic makeup of the human leukocyte antigen genes. In gluten sensitive enteropathy, there are four types of recognition, innate immunity (a form of cellular immunity priming), HLA-DQ, and antibody recognition of gliadin and transglutaminase. With idiopathic gluten sensitivity only antibody recognition to ...
Alternatively, the thioester intermediate can be hydrolyzed, resulting in the net conversion of the glutamine residue to glutamic acid (i.e. deamidation). [6] The deamidation of glutamine residues catalyzed by tTG is thought to be linked to the pathological immune response to gluten in celiac disease. [12]
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Proteolysis of the receptor occurs, and the dimeric IgA molecule, along with a portion of the receptor known as the secretory component (SC), is free to diffuse throughout the lumen, with dimeric IgA and SC together forming the so-called secretory IgA (sIgA) [17] In the gut, IgA can bind to the mucus layer covering the epithelial cells. In this ...
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