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The beginning of Aristotle's Metaphysics, one of the foundational texts of the discipline. Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of the world, but some theorists view it as an inquiry into the conceptual framework of human ...
The foundation of logical grammar was laid out by the Greek philosophers. According to Plato, the task of the sentence is to make a statement about the subject by means of predication. In the Sophist, he uses the example of "Theaetetus is sitting" to illustrate the idea of predication. This statement involves the subject "Theaetetus" and the ...
According to two-dimensionalism, any statement, for example "Water is H 2 O", is taken to express two distinct propositions, often referred to as a primary intension and a secondary intension, which together compose its meaning. [1] [2] The primary intension of a word or sentence is its sense, i.e., is the idea or method by which we find its ...
For example, the existence of a red tomato or the tomato's being red acts as a truthmaker for the statement "a tomato is red". This version covers several variations. For example, the statement "a tomato is red" is true because of the fact that a tomato is red as its truthmaker. This version focuses on facts.
Philosophical theology – branch of theology and metaphysics that uses philosophical methods in developing or analyzing theological concepts. Natural theology – branch of theology and metaphysics the object of which is the nature of the gods, or of the one supreme God. In monotheistic religions, this principally involves arguments about the ...
Many of Aristotle's works are extremely compressed, and many scholars believe that in their current form, they are likely lecture notes. [2] Subsequent to the arrangement of Aristotle's works by Andronicus of Rhodes in the first century BC, a number of his treatises were referred to as the writings "after ("meta") the Physics" [b], the origin of the current title for the collection Metaphysics.
Carnap explains that to be meaningful, a sentence should be factual. It can be so, for one thing, by being based on experience, i.e. by being formulated with words relating to direct observations. For another, a sentence is factual if one can clearly state what are the observations that could confirm or disconfirm that sentence.
So, for example, "La neve è bianca is true if and only if snow is white" is a sentence which conforms to Convention T; the object language is Italian and the metalanguage is English. The predicate " true " does not appear in the object language, so no sentence of the object language can directly or indirectly assert truth or falsity of itself.