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The Hopi are Native Americans who primarily live in northeastern Arizona. The majority are enrolled in the Hopi Tribe of Arizona [2] and live on the Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona; however, some Hopi people are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes of the Colorado River Indian Reservation [2] at the border of Arizona and California.
Nampeyo (1859 [1] – 1942) [2] was a Hopi-Tewa potter who lived on the Hopi Reservation in Arizona. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Her Tewa name was also spelled Num-pa-yu , meaning "snake that does not bite". Her name is also cited as "Nung-beh-yong," Tewa for Sand Snake.
Hopi also occupy the Second Mesa and Third Mesa. [9] The community of Winslow West is off-reservation trust land of the Hopi tribe. [citation needed] The Hopi Tribal Council is the local governing body consisting of elected officials from the various reservation villages. Its powers were given to it under the Hopi Tribal Constitution. [10]
The five remaining Hopi pueblos then offered fealty to the King of Spain. [9] The Spanish did not visit Hopi again until 1583, when the Antonio de Espejo expedition spent several days at the Hopi villages before turning southwest to the Verde Valley. Juan de Oñate, in 1598, found the Hopis ready to capitulate formally to the King of Spain.
Coal was originally used in America in the 1300s by the Hopi Indians as a way to cook their food, warm themselves and fire their clay. Coal did not resurface in the United States until 1673.
Walpi, of the Hopi people, is one of the older continuously inhabited villages in the United States, continuously inhabited for more than 1100 years since around 900 AD. [2] It is an example of traditional Hopi stone architecture, used for their historic pueblos built at defensive locations on the mesa tops.
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The Hopi were led on their migrations by various signs, or were helped along by Spider Woman. Eventually, the Hopi clans finished their prescribed migrations and were led to their current location in northeastern Arizona. Most Hopi traditions have it that they were given their land by Masauwu, the Spirit of Death and Master of the Fourth World.