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Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani is a gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacterium that like many other Xanthomonas spp. bacteria has been found associated with plants. This organism is closely related with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, but causes a non-vascular leaf spot disease that is clearly distinct from black rot of brassicas.
Xanthomonas campestris is commonly used industrially to produce a water-soluble exo-polysaccharide, known as xanthan gum, from fermentation of carbon sources like glucose. [5] In this process, a preserved culture of the gram-negative bacterium is expanded through growth and then used as an inoculum in bioreactors with liquid growth media .
Dowson [3] later reclassified the bacterium as Xanthomonas campestris and proposed the genus Xanthomonas. [4] Xanthomonas was first described as a monotypic genus and further research resulted in the division into two groups, A and B. [5] [6] Later work using DNA:DNA hybridization has served as a framework for the general Xanthomonas species ...
Black rot, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), is considered the most important and most destructive disease of crucifers, infecting all cultivated varieties of brassicas worldwide. [1] [2] This disease was first described by botanist and entomologist Harrison Garman in Lexington, Kentucky, US in 1889. [3]
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola: Bacterial soft rot Erwinia Erwinia carotovora: Bacterial soft rot Pseudomonas Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis: Black rot Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris: Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Xanthomonas leaf spot Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani
Xanthomonas are Gram-negative bacteria that can infect a wide variety of plant species including pepper/capsicum, rice, citrus, cotton, tomato, and soybeans. [7] Some types of Xanthomonas cause localized leaf spot or leaf streak while others spread systemically and cause black rot or leaf blight disease.
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Xanthomonas axonopodis is a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella. The bacterium has a genome length around 5 megabase pairs. A number of types of citrus canker diseases are caused by different pathovars and variants of the bacterium: [4] The Asiatic type of canker (canker A), X. axonopodis pv.