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  2. Onboard refueling vapor recovery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onboard_refueling_vapor...

    If the car's own vapor recovery system is working properly, then the Stage II nozzle will only be vacuuming normal fresh air and depositing that into the gas station's underground fuel storage tanks. That ends up causing evaporation of fuel vapors into the atmosphere, because too much pressure builds up in those fuel storage tanks.

  3. Vapor lock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_lock

    Vapor lock is a problem caused by liquid fuel changing state to vapor while still in the fuel delivery system of gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines.This disrupts the operation of the fuel pump, causing loss of feed pressure to the carburetor or fuel injection system, resulting in transient loss of power or complete stalling.

  4. MAP sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAP_sensor

    The manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP sensor) is one of the sensors used in an internal combustion engine's electronic control system. Engines that use a MAP sensor are typically fuel injected. The manifold absolute pressure sensor provides instantaneous manifold pressure information to the engine's electronic control unit (ECU).

  5. Lean-burn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean-burn

    The heart of the Mitsubishi's MVV system is the linear airfuel ratio exhaust gas oxygen sensor. Compared with standard oxygen sensors, which essentially are on-off switches set to a single air/fuel ratio, the lean oxygen sensor is more of a measurement device covering the air/fuel ratio range from about 15:1 to 26:1. [19]

  6. Throttle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttle

    The fuel entry does need a venturi when the fuel to be used is at ambient pressure, and the fuel feed into the air flow derives suction from Bernoulli's principle. Since air velocity is crucial to the functioning of a carburetor, to keep average air velocity up, larger engines require more complex carburetors with multiple small venturis ...

  7. Naturally aspirated engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_aspirated_engine

    In a naturally aspirated engine, air for combustion (Diesel cycle in a diesel engine or specific types of Otto cycle in petrol engines, namely petrol direct injection) or an air/fuel mixture (traditional Otto cycle petrol engines), is drawn into the engine's cylinders by atmospheric pressure acting against a partial vacuum that occurs as the piston travels downwards toward bottom dead centre ...

  8. Manifold vacuum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifold_vacuum

    The butterfly valve often contains a small "idle cutout", a hole that allows small amounts of fuel/air mixture into the engine even when the valve is fully closed, or the carburetor has a separate air bypass with its own idle jet. If the engine is operating under light or no load and low or closed throttle, there is high manifold vacuum.

  9. Evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation

    When the sensor is dipped in ethanol and then taken out to evaporate, the instrument shows progressively lower temperature as the ethanol evaporates. Rain evaporating after falling on hot pavement Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase. [ 1 ]