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Isobutylene (or 2-methylpropene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula (CH 3) 2 C=CH 2. It is a four-carbon branched alkene (olefin), one of the four isomers of butylene . It is a colorless flammable gas, and is of considerable industrial value.
Butyl rubber, sometimes just called "butyl", is a synthetic rubber, a copolymer of isobutylene with isoprene. The abbreviation IIR stands for isobutylene isoprene rubber. Polyisobutylene, also known as "PIB" or polyisobutene, (C 4 H 8) n, is the homopolymer of isobutylene, or 2-methyl-1-propene, on which butyl rubber is based. Butyl rubber is ...
Hydroboration–oxidation reaction is a two-step hydration reaction that converts an alkene into an alcohol. [1] The process results in the syn addition of a hydrogen and a hydroxyl group where the double bond had been.
The reaction conditions for the synthesis of each type of isobutylene product vary depending on the desired molecular weight and what type(s) of monomer(s) is used. The conditions most commonly used to form low molecular weight (5–10 x 10 4 Da) polyisobutylene are initiation with AlCl 3 , BF 3 , or TiCl 4 at a temperature range of −40 to 10 ...
Isobutylene can be produced through a variety of methods. n-butane can be isomerized into isobutane which can be dehydrogenated to isobutylene. [7] In the Halcon process, t-Butyl hydroperoxide derived from isobutane oxygenation is treated with propylene to produce propylene oxide and t-butanol. The t-butanol can be dehydrated to isobutylene.
The chemical synthesis of BHT in industry has involved the reaction of p-cresol (4-methylphenol) with isobutylene (2-methylpropene), catalyzed by sulfuric acid: [11] CH 3 (C 6 H 4)OH + 2 CH 2 =C(CH 3) 2 → ((CH 3) 3 C) 2 CH 3 C 6 H 2 OH. Alternatively, BHT has been prepared from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by hydroxymethylation or aminomethylation ...
Living cationic polymerization is a living polymerization technique involving cationic propagating species. [1] [2] It enables the synthesis of very well defined polymers (low molar mass distribution) and of polymers with unusual architecture such as star polymers and block copolymers and living cationic polymerization is therefore as such of commercial and academic interest.
AMPS is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water. [2] The recent patent literature [3] describes batch and continuous processes that produce AMPS in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.