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Istanbul's first private university, Koç University, was founded as late as 1992, because private universities were not allowed in Turkey before the 1982 amendment to the constitution. [312] Istanbul is also home to several conservatories and art schools, including Mimar Sinan Academy of Fine Arts, founded in 1882. [317]
In 1574 the Ottoman Sultan Murad III invited Taqi ad-Din to build an observatory in the Ottoman capital, Istanbul. Taqi ad-Din constructed instruments such as an armillary sphere and mechanical clocks that he used to observe the Great Comet of 1577. He also used European celestial and terrestrial globes that were delivered to Istanbul in gift ...
The city, known alternatively in Ottoman Turkish as Ḳosṭanṭīnīye (قسطنطينيه after the Arabic form al-Qusṭanṭīniyyah القسطنطينية) or Istanbul, while its Christian minorities continued to call it Constantinople, as did people writing in French, English, and other European languages, was the capital of the Ottoman ...
It lost its Balkan territories except East Thrace and the historic Ottoman capital city of Adrianople during the war. Some 400,000 Muslims, out of fear of Greek, Serbian or Bulgarian atrocities, left with the retreating Ottoman army. [85] The Baghdad Railway under German control was a proposal to build rail lines into Iraq. The railway was not ...
Ibrahim then shipped off many members of the clans of Al Saud to Egypt and the Ottoman capital, Istanbul. Abdullah bin Saud was later executed in the Ottoman capital Istanbul with his severed head later thrown into the waters of the Bosphorus, marking the end of what was known as the First Saudi State. [8]
Nefʿī came to the Ottoman capital of Istanbul sometime before the year 1606, when he is noted to have been working in the bureaucracy as the comptroller of mines (maden mukataacısı). Nef'i attempted to gain the sultan 's favor for his poetry, but was unsuccessful with Ahmed I (reigned 1603–1617) and Osman II (reigned 1618–1622).
It served as the Ottoman capital until 1402, becoming a major center of patronage and construction. [24] Orhan also captured İznik in 1331, turning it into another early center of Ottoman art. [25] In this early period there were generally three types of mosques: the single-domed mosque, the T-plan mosque, and the multi-unit or multi-dome ...
6 April-29 May: Final Siege of Constantinople; City besieged by Ottoman forces; Mehmed II in power. Capital of the Ottoman Empire relocated to Constantinople from Edirne. [5] Hagia Sophia (converted from Orthodox cathedral to mosque) in use. [6] Medrese predecessor of Istanbul University established. Population: 40,000–50,000; 1454