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In calculus, the chain rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the composition of two differentiable functions f and g in terms of the derivatives of f and g.More precisely, if = is the function such that () = (()) for every x, then the chain rule is, in Lagrange's notation, ′ = ′ (()) ′ (). or, equivalently, ′ = ′ = (′) ′.
This rule allows one to express a joint probability in terms of only conditional probabilities. [4] The rule is notably used in the context of discrete stochastic processes and in applications, e.g. the study of Bayesian networks, which describe a probability distribution in terms of conditional probabilities.
Suppose a function f(x, y, z) = 0, where x, y, and z are functions of each other. Write the total differentials of the variables = + = + Substitute dy into dx = [() + ()] + By using the chain rule one can show the coefficient of dx on the right hand side is equal to one, thus the coefficient of dz must be zero () + = Subtracting the second term and multiplying by its inverse gives the triple ...
2.5 Chain rule. 2.6 Dot product rule. ... where i, j, and k are the unit vectors for the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively. As the name implies the curl is a measure ...
Express dc/dt using chain rule in terms of dx/dt and dy/dt; Substitute in x, y, dx/dt, dy/dt; Simplify. Choose coordinate system: Let the y-axis point North and the x-axis point East. Identify variables: Define y(t) to be the distance of the vehicle heading North from the origin and x(t) to be the distance of the vehicle heading West from the ...
The chain rule [citation needed] for Kolmogorov complexity is an analogue of the chain rule for information entropy, which states: (,) = + (|)That is, the combined randomness of two sequences X and Y is the sum of the randomness of X plus whatever randomness is left in Y once we know X.
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The partial derivative of f with respect to x does not give the true rate of change of f with respect to changing x because changing x necessarily changes y. However, the chain rule for the total derivative takes such dependencies into account. Write () = (, ()). Then, the chain rule says