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Escape and evasion lines in World War II helped people escape European countries occupied by Nazi Germany. The focus of most escape lines in Western Europe was assisting American, British, Canadian and other Allied airmen shot down over occupied Europe to evade capture and escape to neutral Spain or Sweden from where they could return to the ...
The Pat O'Leary Line was one of many escape and evasion networks in the Netherlands, Belgium, and France during World War II. Along with networks such as the Comet Line, the Shelburne Escape Line, and others, they are credited with helping 7,000 Allied airmen and soldiers, about one-half British and one-half American, escape Nazi-occupied Western Europe during World War II.
Dutch-Paris escape line was a resistance network during World War II with ties to the Dutch, Belgian and French Resistance. Their main mission was to rescue people from the Nazis by hiding them or taking them to neutral countries. They also served as a clandestine courier service.
The predecessor of the Shelburne Line was the Oaktree line, created by Airey Neave and James Langley of MI9 as an escape line to evacuate downed airmen by boat from Brittany in France to Dartmouth in England. The leader they chose for Oaktree was Vladamir Bouryschkine, a Russian-American better known as Val Williams, who had previously worked ...
The Royal Air Forces Escaping Society estimated that 14,000 helpers worked with the many escape and evasion lines by 1945. [51] The Comet Line inspired the 1970s BBC television series, Secret Army (1977–1979). A window in the Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Brussels celebrates the Comet Line and the Allied airmen shot-down in Belgium. [52]
English: A map of the routes used by the Comet Line, the Pat Line, and the Shelbourne escape lines to smuggle downed allied airmen out of Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. Date 9 June 2009, 09:59:21
Anti-tank trenches were used on the western front during World War I, and in the Pacific, Europe, and Russia in World War II. Anti-tank mines are the most common anti-tank obstacles. For implementation of various anti-tank obstacles: For British anti-tank obstacles, see: British anti-invasion preparations of World War II#Lines and islands.
MI9, the British Directorate of Military Intelligence Section 9, was a secret department of the War Office between 1939 and 1945. During World War II it had two principal tasks: assisting in the escape of Allied prisoners of war (POWs) held by the Axis countries, especially Nazi Germany; and helping Allied military personnel, especially downed airmen, evade capture after they were shot down or ...