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Positionality statement. A positionality statement, also called reflexivity statement or identity statement, is a statement wherein a person (such as a researcher or teacher) reports and discusses their group identities, such as in a grant proposal or journal submission. [1][2][3] They have become commonplace in certain fields of social science ...
List of academic databases and search engines. This article contains a representative list of notable databases and search engines useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in academic journals, institutional repositories, archives, or other collections of scientific and other articles. Databases and search engines differ ...
It was argued that PICO may be useful for every scientific endeavor even beyond clinical settings. [2] This proposal is based on a more abstract view of the PICO mnemonic, equating them with four components that is inherent to every single research, namely (1) research object; (2) application of a theory or method; (3) alternative theories or methods (or the null hypothesis); and (4) the ...
A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question (s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [1] A strong research design yields valid answers to research questions while weak designs yield unreliable, imprecise or ...
Quad chart. A quad chart is a form of technical documentation used to briefly describe an invention or other innovation through writing, illustration and/or photographs. [1] Such documents are described as "quad" charts because they are divided into four quadrants laid out on a landscape perspective. [2][3][4] They are typically one-page only ...
Exploratory data analysis is an analysis technique to analyze and investigate the data set and summarize the main characteristics of the dataset. Main advantage of EDA is providing the data visualization of data after conducting the analysis. Tukey's championing of EDA encouraged the development of statistical computing packages, especially S ...
e. A research proposal is a document proposing a research project, generally in the sciences or academia, and generally constitutes a request for sponsorship of that research. [1] Proposals are evaluated on the cost and potential impact of the proposed research, and on the soundness of the proposed plan for carrying it out. [2]
Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals' social reality, including understanding their attitudes, beliefs, and motivation.