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Most metal dichlorides for octahedral complexes, with stronger O-H bonds. The combination of hydrochloric acid and ZnCl 2 gives a reagent known as "Lucas reagent". Such reagents were once used a test for primary alcohols. Similar reactions are the basis of industrial routes from methanol and ethanol respectively to methyl chloride and ethyl ...
Zincates are anionic zinc complexes. Related to the preparation of Lucas' reagent , tetrachlorozincates are often generated by combining hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride . A related anion is [Zn 2 Cl 6 ] 2− , in which again Zn(II) adopts a tetrahedral geometry.
Lucas test: negative (left) with ethanol and positive with t-butanol "Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid.This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight.
A solution of zinc chloride in hydrochloric acid is a common flux for stainless steels; it has however to be thoroughly removed afterwards as it would cause pitting corrosion. Another highly effective flux is phosphoric acid; its tendency to polymerize at higher temperatures however limits its applications.
Aqua fortis /spirit of nitre – nitric acid, formed by 2 parts saltpetre in 1 part (pure) oil of vitriol (sulfuric acid). (Historically, this process could not have been used, as 98% oil of vitriol was not available.) Aqua ragia /spirit of turpentine/oil of turpentine/gum turpentine – turpentine, formed by the distillation of pine tree resin.
Zinc chloride smoke is grey-white and consists of tiny particles of zinc chloride. The most common mixture for generating these is a zinc chloride smoke mixture (HC), consisting of hexachloroethane, grained aluminium and zinc oxide. The smoke consists of zinc chloride, zinc oxychlorides, and hydrochloric acid, which absorb the moisture in
Some organochlorides are considered safe enough for consumption in foods and medicines. For example, peas and broad beans contain the natural chlorinated plant hormone 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA); [16] [17] and the sweetener sucralose (Splenda) is widely used in diet products.
Zinc powder, after being dissolved in sulfuric or hydrochloric acid, for standardization of EDTA solutions Such standards are often used to make standard solutions . These primary standards are used in titration and are essential for determining unknown concentrations [ 1 ] or preparing working standards.