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Thus, an accelerating universe took a longer time to expand from 2/3 to 1 times its present size, compared to a non-accelerating universe with constant ˙ and the same present-day value of the Hubble constant. This results in a larger light-travel time, larger distance and fainter supernovae, which corresponds to the actual observations.
The expansion of the universe is the increase in distance between gravitationally unbound parts of the observable universe with time. [1] It is an intrinsic expansion, so it does not mean that the universe expands "into" anything or that space exists "outside" it.
When the size of the universe at Big Bang is described, it refers to the size of the observable universe, and not the entire universe. [143] Another common misconception is that the Big Bang must be understood as the expansion of space and not in terms of the contents of space exploding apart. In fact, either description can be accurate.
Assuming that space is roughly flat (in the sense of being a Euclidean space), this size corresponds to a comoving volume of about 1.22 × 10 4 Gpc 3 (4.22 × 10 5 Gly 3 or 3.57 × 10 80 m 3). [ 29 ] These are distances now (in cosmological time ), not distances at the time the light was emitted.
In a medium, light usually does not propagate at a speed equal to c; further, different types of light wave will travel at different speeds. The speed at which the individual crests and troughs of a plane wave (a wave filling the whole space, with only one frequency) propagate is called the phase velocity v p. A physical signal with a finite ...
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G is the universal gravitational constant (G ≈ 6.67×10 −11 m 3 ·kg −1 ·s −2) g = GM/d 2 is the local gravitational acceleration (or the surface gravity , when d = r ). The value GM is called the standard gravitational parameter , or μ , and is often known more accurately than either G or M separately.
Dan Skillings Jr. scored 17 points and Jizzle James added 14 as No. 19 Cincinnati ended No. 22 Dayton's five-game winning streak 66-59 on Friday night. Simas Lukosius added 13 for the Bearcats (9 ...