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The Imperial State of Iran, the government of Iran during the Pahlavi dynasty, lasted from 1925 to 1979.The use of torture and abuse of prisoners varied at times during the Pahlavi reign, according to one history, [6] but both of two monarchs – Reza Shah Pahlavi and his son Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi – employed censorship, secret police, torture, and executions.
The Islamic revolution is thought to have a significantly worse human rights record than the Pahlavi dynasty it overthrew. According to political historian Ervand Abrahamian, "whereas less than 100 political prisoners had been executed between 1971 and 1979, more than 7900 were executed between 1981 and 1985. ... the prison system was centralized and drastically expanded ...
Iran Human Rights (IHR) (Persian: سازمان حقوق بشر ایران) is a non-profit international non-governmental organization focused on human rights in Iran. Founded in 2005, it is a non-partisan and politically independent organisation based in Oslo , Norway .
HRAI has also been invited to join the World Movement for Democracy and to participate in the human rights events sponsored by the governments of Canada, the United States, and the European Union. Their publications and news gathering activities have continued and expanded with the addition of the Peace Line and Fourth Pillar outlets.
In 1979, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown by an Islamic Revolution in Iran, replacing its millennia-old monarchy with a theocratic republic. Shortly after, the leader of the Revolution, a senior Islamic jurist named Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, also transliterated Khumaynî, successfully supported referendums to declare Iran an Islamic Republic in March 1979, and to approve a ...
The government denies using torture (shekanjeh) to elicit these statements, but Human Rights Watch calls torture and other ill-treatment "widespread and systematic" in Iran. Historian Ervand Abrahamian [ 31 ] describes on way the government has found to skirt the explicit ban on torture and coerced confessions in the Constitution, [ 32 ] by ...
During the 1978–79 overthrow of the Pahlavi government, protestors were fired upon by troops and prisoners were executed. The real and imaginary human rights violations contributed directly to the Shah's demise, [42] (although some have argued so did his scruples in not violating human rights more as urged by his generals [43]).
In the Islamic Republic of Iran, the president is the second person of government and the head of government. He is the highest nominally popularly elected official in Iran, although he answers to the Supreme Leader of Iran , who functions as the country's head of state .