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  2. Differentiation rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiation_rules

    The derivative of the function at a point is the slope of the line tangent to the curve at the point. Slope of the constant function is zero, because the tangent line to the constant function is horizontal and its angle is zero.

  3. Exponential function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_function

    Exponential functions with bases 2 and 1/2. In mathematics, the exponential function is the unique real function which maps zero to one and has a derivative equal to its value. . The exponential of a variable ⁠ ⁠ is denoted ⁠ ⁡ ⁠ or ⁠ ⁠, with the two notations used interchangeab

  4. Matrix exponential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_exponential

    The formula for the exponential results from reducing the powers of G in the series expansion and identifying the respective series coefficients of G 2 and G with −cos(θ) and sin(θ) respectively. The second expression here for e Gθ is the same as the expression for R ( θ ) in the article containing the derivation of the generator , R ( θ ...

  5. Jacobi's formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi's_formula

    In matrix calculus, Jacobi's formula expresses the derivative of the determinant of a matrix A in terms of the adjugate of A and the derivative of A. [ 1 ] If A is a differentiable map from the real numbers to n × n matrices, then

  6. Taylor series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_series

    For example, the exponential function is the function which is equal to its own derivative everywhere, and assumes the value 1 at the origin. However, one may equally well define an analytic function by its Taylor series. Taylor series are used to define functions and "operators" in diverse areas of mathematics. In particular, this is true in ...

  7. Derivative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative

    In mathematics, the derivative is a fundamental tool that quantifies the sensitivity to change of a function's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point.

  8. Derivative of the exponential map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative_of_the...

    The inverse function theorem together with the derivative of the exponential map provides information about the local behavior of exp. Any C k, 0 ≤ k ≤ ∞, ω map f between vector spaces (here first considering matrix Lie groups) has a C k inverse such that f is a C k bijection in an open set around a point x in the domain provided df x is ...

  9. Lambert W function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_W_function

    The product logarithm Lambert W function plotted in the complex plane from −2 − 2i to 2 + 2i The graph of y = W(x) for real x < 6 and y > −4.The upper branch (blue) with y ≥ −1 is the graph of the function W 0 (principal branch), the lower branch (magenta) with y ≤ −1 is the graph of the function W −1.