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The simplest kind of couple consists of two equal and opposite forces whose lines of action do not coincide. This is called a "simple couple". [1] The forces have a turning effect or moment called a torque about an axis which is normal (perpendicular) to the plane of the forces. The SI unit for the torque of the couple is newton metre.
Varignon's theorem is a theorem of French mathematician Pierre Varignon (1654–1722), published in 1687 in his book Projet d'une nouvelle mécanique.The theorem states that the torque of a resultant of two concurrent forces about any point is equal to the algebraic sum of the torques of its components about the same point.
is the mechanical torque supplied by the prime mover in N-m; is the electrical torque output of the alternator in N-m; Neglecting losses, the difference between the mechanical and electrical torque gives the net accelerating torque . In the steady state, the electrical torque is equal to the mechanical torque and hence the accelerating power is ...
The problem with this definition is that it does not give the direction of the torque but only the magnitude, and hence it is difficult to use in three-dimensional cases. If the force is perpendicular to the displacement vector r , the moment arm will be equal to the distance to the centre, and torque will be a maximum for the given force.
The newton-metre or newton-meter (also non-hyphenated, newton metre or newton meter; symbol N⋅m [1] or N m [1]) [a] is the unit of torque (also called moment) in the International System of Units (SI). One newton-metre is equal to the torque resulting from a force of one newton applied perpendicularly to the end of a moment arm that is one ...
The force and torque vectors that arise in applying Newton's laws to a rigid body can be assembled into a screw called a wrench. A force has a point of application and a line of action, therefore it defines the Plücker coordinates of a line in space and has zero pitch. A torque, on the other hand, is a pure moment that is not bound to a line ...
The torque on shaft is 0.0053 N⋅m at 2 A because of the assumed radius of the rotor (exactly 1 m). Assuming a different radius would change the linear K v {\displaystyle K_{\text{v}}} but would not change the final torque result.
The moment of force, or torque, is a first moment: =, or, more generally, .; Similarly, angular momentum is the 1st moment of momentum: =.Momentum itself is not a moment.; The electric dipole moment is also a 1st moment: = for two opposite point charges or () for a distributed charge with charge density ().