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The Trail of Tears was the deadly route used by Native Americans when forced off their ancestral lands and into Oklahoma by the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
The Trail of Tears was the forced displacement of approximately 60,000 people of the "Five Civilized Tribes" between 1830 and 1850, and the additional thousands of Native Americans and their enslaved African Americans [3] within that were ethnically cleansed by the United States government.
The Trail of Tears was the forced relocation during the 1830s of Indigenous peoples of the Southeast region of the United States (including the Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole, among others) to the so-called Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River.
Trail of Tears begins U.S. president Martin Van Buren orders the U.S. Army into the Cherokee Nation. The army rounded up as many Cherokees as they could into temporary stockades and subsequently marched the captives, led by John Ross, to the Indian Territory.
By examining the timeline of events leading up to and during the Trail of Tears, we gain a deeper understanding of the profound impact this historical injustice had on both Native American tribes and the nation as a whole.
This infographic provides a map of the principal routes used during the Trail of Tears, the forced relocation during the 1830s of Native American peoples from their lands in the southeastern U.S. to lands reserved for them west of the Mississippi River.
Between 1830 and 1850, about 100,000 American Indians living between Michigan, Louisiana, and Florida moved west after the U.S. government coerced treaties or used the U.S. Army against those resisting. Many were treated brutally. An estimated 3,500 Creeks died in Alabama and on their westward journey. Some were transported in chains.
Guided by policies favored by President Andrew Jackson, who led the country from 1828 to 1837, the Trail of Tears (1837 to 1839) was the forced westward migration of American Indian tribes from the South and Southeast.
The Trail of Tears describes the 800-mile journey Native Americans were forced to take when they were removed from their ancestral lands between 1838 and 1839. The Cherokee people took the harrowing journey from Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and North Carolina and relocated to lands west of the Mississippi (present-day Oklahoma).
Ross, honoring that pledge, orchestrated the migration of fourteen detachments, most of which traveled over existing roads, between August and December 1838. The impact of the resulting Cherokee “Trail of Tears” was devastating.