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The magnitude of Earth's magnetic field at its surface ranges from 25 to 65 μT (0.25 to 0.65 G). [3] As an approximation, it is represented by a field of a magnetic dipole currently tilted at an angle of about 11° with respect to Earth's rotational axis, as if there were an enormous bar magnet placed at that angle through the center of Earth.
The electric and magnetic field waves in the far-field travel at the speed of light. They have a special restricted orientation and proportional magnitudes, E 0 = c 0 B 0 {\displaystyle E_{0}=c_{0}B_{0}} , which can be seen immediately from the Poynting vector .
This was at a distance of 121 AU (1.81 × 10 10 km) from the Sun. [38] Contrary to predictions, data from Voyager 1 indicates the magnetic field of the galaxy is aligned with the solar magnetic field. [39] On November 5, 2018, the Voyager 2 mission detected a sudden decrease in the flux of low-energy ions. At the same time, the level of cosmic ...
The fast solar wind originates from coronal holes, [42] which are funnel-like regions of open field lines in the Sun's magnetic field. [43] Such open lines are particularly prevalent around the Sun's magnetic poles. The plasma source is small magnetic fields created by convection cells in the solar atmosphere. These fields confine the plasma ...
The sun’s intense magnetic energy is the source of solar flares and eruptions of plasma known as coronal mass ejections. When directed toward Earth, they can create stunning auroras but also ...
The sun’s looping magnetic field lines, which form a tangled web of structures more complex than those on Earth, are difficult to study directly. To grasp what’s going on, scientists create ...
The rotation axis of Earth is centered and vertical. The dense clusters of lines are within Earth's core. Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun.
Aurora Australis, or the Southern Lights, is a natural light display caused by solar wind particles colliding with Earth’s magnetic field. This creates colorful lights in the sky, typically ...