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In 753 BCE the perpetual archonship by the Eupatridae [3] were limited to 10 year terms (the "decennial archons"). [4] After 683 BCE the offices were held for only a single year. [5] Bust of Solon, democratic reformer in Athenian Antiquity. By the 7th century BCE, social unrest had become widespread, as Athens suffered a land and agrarian crisis.
The 13 British North American provinces of Virginia, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, Connecticut, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania and Delaware, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia united as the United States of America declare their independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain on ...
This period of American history was marked by the destruction of some traditional roles of society and the erection of new social standards. One of the unique aspects of the Age of Reform was that it was heavily grounded in religion, unlike the anti-clericalism that characterized contemporary European reformers. [20]
The chart was popular enough to be reprinted through several editions, and has been updated to continue into the 21st century. [3] [4] [6] [8] Knock off copies were produced in America and England. One such copy was published by Irish geologist Edward Hull in 1890, which gave an incorrect attribution to him after he added a geologic strata to ...
Athenian democracy had many critics, both ancient and modern. Ancient Greek critics of Athenian democracy include Thucydides the general and historian, Aristophanes the playwright, Plato the pupil of Socrates, Aristotle the pupil of Plato, and a writer known as the Old Oligarch. While modern critics are more likely to find fault with the ...
Richard Allen, African-American bishop, founder of the Free African Society and the African Methodist Episcopal Church [90] Crispus Attucks, believed to be of Native American and African descent, was the first of five persons killed in the Boston Massacre of 1770, and thus the first to die in the American Revolution. [91]
The coup overthrew the democratic government of ancient Athens and replaced it with a short-lived oligarchy known as the Four Hundred. In the wake of the financial crisis caused by the failed Sicilian Expedition of the Athenian military in 413 BC, some high-status Athenian men, who had disliked the broad-based democracy of the city-state for a ...
A tree of liberty topped with a Phrygian cap set up in Mainz in 1793. Such symbols were used by several revolutionary movements of the time. It took place in both the Americas and Europe, including the United States (1775–1783), Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1788–1792), France and French-controlled Europe (1789–1814), Haiti (1791–1804), Ireland (1798) and Spanish America (1810 ...