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Artist's conception of a human mission on the surface of Mars. 1989 painting by Les Bossinas of NASA's Lewis Research Center. A Space Launch System design in the 2010s. This rocket is envisioned as the launch vehicle for some of the latest NASA speculative long-term plans for Mars concepts, although there are some bold private venture plans that may also provide mass-to-orbit for any mission ...
Shorter Mars mission plans have round-trip flight times of 400 to 450 days, [11] or under 15 months, but would require significantly higher energy. A fast Mars mission of 245 days (8.0 months) round trip could be possible with on-orbit staging. [12]
SpaceX's early missions to Mars are to involve small fleets of Starship spacecraft, funded by public–private partnerships. [33] SpaceX has stated on several occasions aspirational plans to build a crewed base on Mars for an extended surface presence, which it hopes will grow into a self-sufficient colony. [34] [35]
Mars Aerostat – Russian/French balloon part for cancelled Vesta mission and then for failed Mars 96 mission, [92] originally planned for the 1992 launch window, postponed to 1994 and then to 1996 before being cancelled. [93] Mars Together, combined U.S. and Russian mission study in the 1990s.
Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) is a planned spacecraft mission to Mars consisting of two spacecraft known as Blue and Gold. [3] [2] The mission, once expected to launch in October 2024, is part of NASA's SIMPLEx program.
Mars Direct is a proposal for a human mission to Mars which purports to be both cost-effective and possible with current technology. It was originally detailed in a research paper by Martin Marietta engineers Robert Zubrin and David Baker in 1990, and later expanded upon in Zubrin's 1996 book The Case for Mars.
The mission will also attempt to identify subsurface water, improve landing techniques, and characterize weather, dust, and other potential environmental conditions that could affect future astronauts living and working on Mars. [36] Campaign plans for 2021–2022 The heat shield (left) and back shell (right) together make up the aeroshell for ...
Mars Exploration Program (MEP) is a long-term effort to explore the planet Mars, funded and led by NASA.Formed in 1993, MEP has made use of orbital spacecraft, landers, and Mars rovers to explore the possibilities of life on Mars, as well as the planet's climate and natural resources. [1]