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– Unsuccessful soft landing, intentional hard landing, or mission still in progress. – Successful soft landing with intelligible data return. The tannish hue indicates extraterrestrial soil. – Successful soft landing, intelligible data return, and sample return to Earth. The greenish hue indicates terrestrial return.
landed: landed: Rendezvoused with asteroid from June 2018 to November 2019. Successful touchdowns to collect a sample in February and July 2019. [2] Three landers and an explosive impactor successfully deployed to the surface. [3] Returned dust samples to Earth in December 2020. [4] 101955 Bennu: 0.490: 1999 OSIRIS-REx: 2018-2020: landed: landed
Montage of planets and some moons that the two Voyager spacecraft have visited and studied. It is the only program that visited all four outer planets. A total of nine spacecraft have been launched on missions that involve visits to the outer planets; all nine missions involve encounters with Jupiter, with four spacecraft also visiting Saturn.
This is a list of space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed), organized by their planned destination. It includes planetary probes, solar probes, and probes to asteroids and comets, but excludes lunar missions, which are listed separately at List of lunar probes and List of Apollo missions.
[4] [5] Earth was never formally 'discovered' because it was never an unrecognized entity by humans. However, its shared identity with other bodies as a "planet" is a historically recent discovery. The Earth's position in the Solar System was correctly described in the heliocentric model proposed by Aristarchus of Samos. [6] Moon: Earth I
Successfully landed, returned images, and hopped along surface. First rovers on an asteroid. MASCOT: DLR/CNES: 3 October 2018: Alice's Wonderland: 17 h 14 min [17] ~17.9 m (59 ft) [17] Successfully landed, returned images from the surface, and performed multiple hops along surface. MINERVA-II Rover-2: JAXA: October 2019: Unknown: 0 days: 0 m
4 October 1957 First Earth orbiter [1] [2] Sputnik 2: 3 November 1957 Earth orbiter, first animal in orbit, a dog named Laika [2] [3] [4] Explorer 1: 1 February 1958 Earth orbiter; discovered Van Allen radiation belts [5] Vanguard 1: 17 March 1958 Earth orbiter; oldest spacecraft still in Earth orbit [6] Luna 1: 2 January 1959
Mariner 4 was the first space probe that needed a star for a navigational reference object, since earlier missions, which remained near either the Earth, the Moon, or the planet Venus, had sighted onto either the bright face of the home planet or the brightly lit target. During this flight, both the Earth and Mars would be too dim to lock onto.