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During colonial times, English speech regulations were rather restrictive.The English criminal common law of seditious libel made criticizing the government a crime. Lord Chief Justice John Holt, writing in 1704–1705, explained the rationale for the prohibition: "For it is very necessary for all governments that the people should have a good opinion of it."
Eric Barendt has called this defence of free speech on the grounds of democracy "probably the most attractive and certainly the most fashionable free speech theory in modern Western democracies". [25] Thomas I. Emerson expanded on this defence when he argued that freedom of speech helps to provide a balance between stability and change.
The basic principle behind government's regulation of the bar has greater power to regulate the speech of lawyers. [77] A balancing test is employed when the Court considers attorney speech. This test weighs "the State's legitimate interest in regulating the activity in question [with] the interests of the attorney". [78]
The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) screening tool was developed in 1971, and is one of the oldest alcoholism-screening tests for identifying dependent drinkers. [1] Its use is constructed for the general population .
"During Prohibition, Your Doctor Could Write You a Prescription for Booze". Smithsonian.com. Konstantinovsky, Michelle (October 2, 2017). "Ridiculous History: When Doctors 'Prescribed' Alcohol During Prohibition". How Stuff Works. "Medicinal Alcohol". American Prohibition in the 1920s. Ohio State University.
The Supreme Court’s recent ruling that makes it harder to hold people responsible for harassment online could send a troubling symbolic message about free speech to institutions other than ...
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The U.S. Supreme Court on Friday in a decision on free speech in the digital age set a new standard for determining if public officials acted in a governmental capacity when ...
The right of free speech is not itself absolute: the Court has consistently upheld regulations as to time, place, and manner of speech, provided that they are "reasonable". [8] In applying this reasonableness test to regulations limiting student expression, the Court has recognized that the age and maturity of students is an important factor to ...