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Tissue hypoxia from low oxygen delivery may be due to low haemoglobin concentration (anaemic hypoxia), low cardiac output (stagnant hypoxia) or low haemoglobin saturation (hypoxic hypoxia). [79] The consequence of oxygen deprivation in tissues is a switch to anaerobic metabolism at the cellular level.
Tissue hypoxia refers to low levels of oxygen in the tissues of the body and the term hypoxia is a general term for low levels of oxygen. [2] Hypoxemia is usually caused by pulmonary disease whereas tissue oxygenation requires additionally adequate circulation of blood and perfusion of tissue to meet metabolic demands. [4]
Hypoxia (environmental), abnormally low oxygen content of a specific environment Hypoxia in fish, responses of fish to hypoxia; Hypoxia (medical), abnormally low level of oxygen in the tissues Autoerotic hypoxia or erotic asphyxiation, intentional restriction of oxygen to the brain for sexual arousal
Cerebral hypoxia is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, ...
Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re-+ perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia).
Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels.
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They also respond to instances of pseudohypoxia , such as thiamine deficiency.
Silent hypoxia (also known as happy hypoxia) [1] [2] is generalised hypoxia that does not coincide with shortness of breath. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] This presentation is known to be a complication of COVID-19 , [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and is also known in walking pneumonia , [ 8 ] altitude sickness , [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] and rebreather diving .