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The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) is a widely used self-administered diagnostic tool designed to screen for and assess the severity of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). [1] Comprising seven items, the GAD-7 measures the frequency of anxiety symptoms over the past two weeks, with respondents rating each item on a scale from ...
Validity has been established across multiple populations. [33] [34] Treatment sensitivity Good The GAD-7 showed good sensitivity to treatment effects in two randomized-controlled trials. [35] Clinical utility Excellent The GAD-7 is brief, free to use, and easy to score. [19] It is sensitive to change following treatment. [35]
The GAD-7 is a seven-item anxiety screening instrument developed in 2006 with a similar format to that of the PHQ-9. [20] Total scores range from 0 to 21 with scores of 5, 10, and 15 indicating mild, moderate, and severe anxiety. Unlike the PHQ-9, clinicians use the GAD-7 to assess the severity of anxiety only.
Using a cut-off of 8 the GAD-7 has a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 76% for diagnosis generalized anxiety disorder. The following cut-offs correlate with level of anxiety severity: Score 0-4: Minimal Anxiety; Score 5-9: Mild Anxiety; Score 10-14: Moderate Anxiety; Score greater than 15: Severe Anxiety
Reliability - Refers to test or scale consistency. It is important that individuals score about the same if they take a test and an alternate form of the test or if they take the same test twice, within a short time window. Reliability also refers to response consistency from test item to test item.
The study also showed high internal consistency and high test-retest reliability. The self-report version of the Scale has been extensively tested on the Spanish population, with results high in validity and reliability. They also found significant differences in the scores for some sub-scales (total fear) between males and females. [20]
In 1959, Max R Hamilton developed the first version of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. He included a distinction "between anxiety as a normal reaction to danger, anxiety as a pathological condition not related to stress, and anxiety as a state or broad syndrome that he termed "anxiety neurosis.'"
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable and often irrational worry about events or activities. [5] Worry often interferes with daily functioning, and individuals with GAD are often overly concerned about everyday matters such as health, finances, death, family, relationship concerns, or work difficulties.