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The '5th Division' (第5師団, Dai-go shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army.Its call sign was the Koi (Carp) Division (鯉兵団, Koihei-dan).The 5th Division was formed in Hiroshima in January 1871 as the Hiroshima Garrison (広島鎮台, Hiroshima chindai), one of six regional commands created in the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army.
The Japanese 5th Army, then known as the Yalu River Army, was initially raised on January 15, 1905, in the final stages of the Russo-Japanese War under the command of General Kawamura Kageaki out of only the 11th Infantry Division and three reserve brigades. [2]
The Konoe Imperial Guard of Japan was originally one Imperial Guards Division until the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War. It was expanded during World War II into three Guards Divisions: Konoe Imperial Guards Division; 1st Guards Division; 2nd Guards Division; 3rd Guards Division
The 41st Regiment of 5th Division suffered heavy casualties at the Battle of Kampar when the 11th Indian Division set up an artillery and infantry ambush, but a few days later the 5th Division managed to destroy the 12th Indian and 28th Gurkha Brigades of the 11th Indian Division at the Battle of Slim River between 6 and 8 January 1942.
The 5th Division was to be part of the planned invasion of the Japan homeland before Japan surrendered. Assault troops of the 5th Division were included in the Presidential Unit Citation awarded to the V Amphibious Corps for extraordinary heroism on Iwo Jima from 19 to 28 February 1945. The 5th Division was deactivated on 5 February 1946.
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As the Japanese 5th Division, with armoured support, advanced down the Choa Chu Kang Road, British troops and Chinese volunteers from the irregular Dalforce engaged in desperate hand-to-hand fighting, but being poorly equipped, they were forced back and by midnight the Japanese had occupied Bukit Timah.
5th Division – Lt. Gen. Aketo Nakamura [1] 9th Infantry Brigade 11th Infantry Regiment; 41st Infantry Regiment; 21st Infantry Brigade 21st Infantry Regiment; 42nd Infantry Regiment; 5th Mountain Artillery Regiment; 5th Cavalry Regiment; 5th Engineer Regiment; 5th Transport Regiment; Indochina Expeditionary Army – Maj. Gen. Takuma Nishimura [1]