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In electronics, the Miller effect (named after its discoverer John Milton Miller) accounts for the increase in the equivalent input capacitance of an inverting voltage amplifier due to amplification of the effect of capacitance between the amplifier's input and output terminals, and is given by
A Marx generator is an electrical circuit first described by Erwin Otto Marx in 1924. [1] Its purpose is to generate a high-voltage pulse from a low-voltage DC supply. Marx generators are used in high-energy physics experiments, as well as to simulate the effects of lightning on power-line gear and aviation equipment.
The applied voltage is varied, and the capacitance is measured and plotted as a function of voltage. The technique uses a metal – semiconductor junction ( Schottky barrier ) or a p–n junction [ 1 ] or a MOSFET to create a depletion region , a region which is empty of conducting electrons and holes , but may contain ionized donors and ...
Since impedance varies inversely with capacitance, the internode capacitance, C, is replaced by a capacitance of KC from input to ground and a capacitance of (K − 1)C / K from output to ground. When the input-to-output gain is very large, the equivalent input-to-ground impedance is very small while the output-to-ground impedance is ...
The input charge and the output voltage are proportional with inverted sign. The feedback capacitor C f sets the amplification. = = The input impedance of the circuit is almost zero because of the Miller effect. Hence all the stray capacitances (the cable capacitance, the amplifier input capacitance, etc.) are virtually grounded and they have ...
If Z/Z 0 is inside the 1+jx circle on the Smith chart (i.e. if Re(Z/Z 0)>1), network (a) can be used; otherwise network (b) can be used. [2] A simple electrical impedance-matching network requires one capacitor and one inductor. In the figure to the right, R 1 > R 2, however, either R 1 or R 2 may be the source and the other the load.
For brevity, the notation omits to always specify the unit (ohm or farad) explicitly and instead relies on implicit knowledge raised from the usage of specific letters either only for resistors or for capacitors, [nb 1] the case used (uppercase letters are typically used for resistors, lowercase letters for capacitors), [nb 2] a part's appearance, and the context.
Hysteresis vs single-valued: Devices which have hysteresis; that is, in which the current–voltage relation depends not only on the present applied input but also on the past history of inputs, have I–V curves consisting of families of closed loops. Each branch of the loop is marked with a direction represented by an arrow.