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The German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 marked the end of the Volga German ASSR. On 28 August 1941, the republic was formally abolished and, out of fear they could act as German collaborators, all Volga Germans were exiled to the Kazakh SSR, Altai and Siberia. [4] Many were interned in labor camps merely due to their heritage. [2]
The Volga Germans (German: Wolgadeutsche, pronounced [ˈvɔlɡaˌdɔʏtʃə] ⓘ; Russian: поволжские немцы, romanized: povolzhskiye nemtsy) are ethnic Germans who settled and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and close to Ukraine nearer to the south.
English: The area of the former Volga German ASSR (in green) within the Saratov and Volgograd oblasts of the post-Soviet Russian Federation. Русский: АССР Немцев Поволжья отмечена зеленым цветом на карте Волгоградской и Саратовской областей России.
The German minority population in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union stemmed from several sources and arrived in several waves. Since the second half of the 19th century, as a consequence of the Russification policies and compulsory military service in the Russian Empire, large groups of Germans from Russia emigrated to the Americas (mainly Canada, the United States, Brazil and Argentina ...
The Volga (Russian: Волга, pronounced ⓘ) is the longest river in Europe and the longest endorheic basin river in the world. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of 3,531 km (2,194 mi), and a catchment area of 1,360,000 km 2 (530,000 sq mi). [1]
The Volga flows through the East European north-western regions to the Central Asian south-western steppe regions in Povolzhyen Russia. Volga delta in Central Asia The Volga Region is almost entirely within the East European Plain , with a notable distinction contrasting the elevated western side featuring the Volga Upland , and the eastern ...
For example, an ethnic German born in a village in Odesa is a Ukraine German, a Black Sea German and a Russia German (the former Russian Empire). Alternatively, the Germans of Odesa belong to the group of the Germans of Ukraine, of the Black Sea, of Russia, and, less specifically, of Eastern Europe. The most populous division are the Volga Germans.
Distribution of Germans in Russia, 2010, demonstrating the higher German presence in the Kaliningrad Oblast compared to other areas in European Russia. After 1991, some ethnic Germans emigrated to the area, such as Volga Germans from other parts of Russia and Kazakhstan. These Germans are overwhelmingly Russian-speaking and as such were ...