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A disk cipher device of the Jefferson type from the 2nd quarter of the 19th century in the National Cryptologic Museum. The Jefferson disk, also called the Bazeries cylinder or wheel cypher, [1] was a cipher system commonly attributed to Thomas Jefferson that uses a set of wheels or disks, each with letters of the alphabet arranged around their edge in an order, which is different for each ...
The device was conceived by Colonel Parker Hitt and then developed by Major Joseph Mauborgne in 1917; based on a system invented by Thomas Jefferson and Etienne Bazeries. Officially adopted in 1922, it remained in use until circa 1942, when it was replaced by more complex and secure electromechanical rotor machines , particularly the M-209 .
Wadsworth's cipher, or Wheatstone's cipher, was a cipher invented by Decius Wadsworth, a Colonel in the United States Army Ordnance Corps. [1] In 1817, he developed a progressive cipher system based on a 1790 design by Thomas Jefferson, establishing a method that was continuously improved upon and used until the end of World War II.
Caesar cipher – Simple and widely known encryption technique; Cipher disk – Encryption and decryption tool consisting of two metal plates with alphabets; Jefferson disk – Cipher system invented by Thomas Jefferson; Radio premium – Advertising gimmick
Cipher disks had many small variations on the basic design. Instead of letters it would occasionally use combinations of numbers on the outer disk with each combination corresponding to a letter. To make the encryption especially hard to crack, the advanced cipher disk would only use combinations of two numbers.
Around 1790, Thomas Jefferson theorized a cipher to encode and decode messages to provide a more secure way of military correspondence. The cipher, known today as the Wheel Cipher or the Jefferson Disk, although never actually built, was theorized as a spool that could jumble an English message up to 36 characters. The message could be ...
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Hebern single-rotor machine patent #1,510,441. The key to the Hebern design was a disk with electrical contacts on either side, known today as a rotor.Linking the contacts on either side of the rotor were wires, with each letter on one side being wired to another on the far side in a random fashion.