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All forms of electricity generation have some form of environmental impact, [1] but coal-fired power is the dirtiest. [2] [3] [4] This page is organized by energy source and includes impacts such as water usage, emissions, local pollution, and wildlife displacement.
[1] [2] The word hydrophobic literally means "water-fearing", and it describes the segregation of water and nonpolar substances, which maximizes the entropy of water and minimizes the area of contact between water and nonpolar molecules. In terms of thermodynamics, the hydrophobic effect is the free energy change of water surrounding a solute. [3]
Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a form of groundwater pollution which is often due to naturally occurring high concentrations of arsenic in deeper levels of groundwater. It is a high-profile problem due to the use of deep tube wells for water supply in the Ganges Delta, causing serious arsenic poisoning to large numbers of people. A ...
Entropy is one of the few quantities in the physical sciences that require a particular direction for time, sometimes called an arrow of time. As one goes "forward" in time, the second law of thermodynamics says, the entropy of an isolated system can increase, but not decrease. Thus, entropy measurement is a way of distinguishing the past from ...
Water drops on the surface of grass. Another example of an entropic force is the hydrophobic force. At room temperature, it partly originates from the loss of entropy by the 3D network of water molecules when they interact with molecules of dissolved substance. Each water molecule is capable of donating two hydrogen bonds through the two protons,
The term "entropy" has been in use from early in the history of classical thermodynamics, and with the development of statistical thermodynamics and quantum theory, entropy changes have been described in terms of the mixing or "spreading" of the total energy of each constituent of a system over its particular quantized energy levels.
Light pollution – Excess artificial light in an environment; Lighting – Deliberate use of light to achieve practical or aesthetic effects; Noise pollution – Excessive displeasing noise; Quicksand – Mixture of sand, silt or clay with water, which creates a liquefied soil when agitated; Ultraviolet – Energetic, invisible radiant energy ...
Sawada (1981), [71] also in relation to the Earth's atmospheric energy transport process, postulating a principle of largest amount of entropy increment per unit time, cites work in fluid mechanics by Malkus and Veronis (1958) [72] as having "proven a principle of maximum heat current, which in turn is a maximum entropy production for a given ...