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The timawa were the feudal warrior class of the ancient Visayan societies of the Philippines. They were regarded as higher than the uripon (commoners, serfs, and slaves) but below the tumao (royal nobility) in the Visayan social hierarchy. They were roughly similar to the Tagalog maharlika caste.
Scheduled Castes (SCs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups. [7] [8] Scheduled Castes are given reservation status guaranteeing political representation, preference in promotion, quota in universities, free and stipended education, scholarships, banking services, various government schemes.
Telugu is the third most common language in India, right behind Bengali. Telugu is predominantly spoken in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, although it’s also the official language of several other states like Andaman and Nicobar, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Orissa, Kharagpur of West Bengal, Bellary Of Karnataka. It is a part of ...
Unlike the timawa, however, the maharlika were more militarily-oriented than the timawa nobility of the Visayas. [4] While the maharlika could change allegiances by marriage or by emigration like the timawa , they were required to host a feast in honor of their current datu and paid a sum ranging from six to eighteen pieces of gold before they ...
Reddy [a] (also transliterated as Raddi, Reddi, Reddiar, Reddappa) is a Hindu caste predominantly found in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in South India. They are classified as a forward caste. The origin of the Reddy has been linked to the Rashtrakutas, although opinions vary. They were feudal overlords and peasant proprietors.
Moreover, the Tagalog timawa did not have the military prominence of the Visayan timawa. The equivalent warrior class in the Tagalog society was present only in Laguna, and they were known as the maharlika class. [44] At the bottom of the social hierarchy are the members of the alipin class. There are two main subclasses of the alipin class.
Use of the term feudalism to describe India applies a concept of medieval European origin, according to which the landed nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in ...
Charles Philip Brown's Telugu-English Dictionary (1852) mentions Telaga-Balija (తెలగ బలిజె) as a caste name. [67] [105] Castes and Tribes of Southern India (1909) notes Telaga as a synonym for Balija in Northern Circars. [106] [42] Alvin Texas Fishman wrote in a 1941 study that the main body of Balijas is called Telaga. [38]