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British psychotherapist Paul Newham using Expressive Therapy with a client. The expressive therapies are the use of the creative arts as a form of therapy, including the distinct disciplines expressive arts therapy and the creative arts therapies (art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, writing therapy, poetry therapy, and psychodrama).
Art therapy is a distinct discipline that incorporates creative methods of expression through visual art media. Art therapy, as a creative arts therapy profession, originated in the fields of art and psychotherapy and may vary in definition. Art therapy encourages creative expression through painting, drawing, or modelling.
The diagram first appeared in Imagery and Visual Expression in Therapy by Vija B. Lusebrink (1990). [1] The Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC) is a model of creative functioning [2] used in the field of art therapy that is applicable to creative processes both within and outside of an expressive therapeutic setting. [3]
Bibliotherapy (also referred to as book therapy, reading therapy, poetry therapy or therapeutic storytelling) is a creative arts therapy that involves storytelling or the reading of specific texts. It uses an individual's relationship to the content of books and poetry and other written words as therapy .
Natalie Rogers (1928–2015) was an early contributor to the field of humanistic psychology, person centered psychology, expressive arts therapy, and the founder of Person-Centered Expressive Arts. [1] This combination of the arts with psychotherapy is sometimes referred to by Rogers as The Creative Connection. [2]
The International Expressive Arts Therapy Association (IEATA) is a non-profit organization founded in 1994. It aims to encourage the "creative spirit" and supports expressive arts therapists, artists, educators, consultants, and others using integrative, multi-modal arts processes for personal and community growth.
Drama therapy is used in a wide variety of settings, including hospitals, schools, mental health centers, prisons, and businesses. Drama therapy, as a modality of the creative arts therapies, [2] exists in many forms and can apply to individuals, couples, families, and various groups. [3]
The other creative arts therapies modality drama therapy, which was established and developed in the second half of the past century, shows multiple similarities in its approach to psychodrama, as to using theatre methods to achieve therapeutic goals. [17] Both concepts however, describe different modalities.