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Prevenient grace (or preceding grace or enabling grace) is a Christian theological concept that refers to the grace of God in a person's life which precedes and prepares to conversion. The concept was first developed by Augustine of Hippo (354–430), was affirmed by the Second Council of Orange (529) and has become part of Catholic theology.
Free grace theologies hold that things such as turning from sin, baptism, or perseverance in the faith are not necessary for salvation, but instead hold that these things are necessary for eternal rewards. [97] Free grace writers generally agree that good works do not play a role in meriting, maintaining, or proving eternal life.
The atonement makes a way for all to respond to the Gospel call—Part of the effect of the atonement is the restoration of the ability to respond to God's call of salvation (see Prevenient grace). Salvation is available for all —The doctrine of unlimited atonement rejects the predeterminism associated with Calvinism and states that every ...
The second century document Martyrdom of Polycarp said that Christ "suffered for the world of the saved", which can be interpreted to support an idea like limited atonement, however it is not certain to teach a form of particular redemption and the book can also be understood in other ways, which do not necessate the view of limited atonement.
Augustine argued that prevenient grace is necessary to prepare the human will for conversion. [28] He maintained that God predetermined parents to seek baptism for their newborns, linking water baptism to regeneration. [29] Furthermore, he viewed the divine grace that brings about conversion as unfailing. [30] [31] [32]
This article asserts that once God's prevenient grace has enabled a man to believe, man can resist God's grace by exercising his free will. It rejects the idea that justifying grace is irresistible. [8] [10] [13]
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He recalled being moved from a Wesleyan-Arminian perspective to a Reformed one in Nazarene Theological Seminary after he was disappointed by John Wesley's doctrine of prevenient grace. [2] He received his Ph.D. from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1989. McCormack was Lecturer in Reformed Theology in the University of Edinburgh from 1987-1991.