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Chondrules in the chondrite classification Grassland. A millimeter scale is shown. Chondrules in the Carbonaceous Chondrite NWA 13887. A chondrule (from Ancient Greek χόνδρος chondros, grain) is a round grain found in a chondrite. Chondrules form as molten or partially molten droplets in space before being accreted to their parent asteroids.
Their chondrules are generally in the range of 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter. Ordinary chondrites are distinguished chemically by their depletions in refractory lithophile elements, such as Ca, Al, Ti, and rare earths , relative to Si, and isotopically by their unusually high 17 O/ 16 O ratios relative to 18 O/ 16 O compared to Earth rocks.
Aqueous alteration promotes a composition of hydrous phyllosilicates, magnetite, and olivine crystals occurring in a black matrix, and a possible lack of chondrules. It is thought they have not been heated above 50 °C (122 °F), indicating that they condensed in the cooler outer portion of the solar nebula.
[1] [4] Entries in the catalogue are designated with a "C" and the catalogue number (1 to 109). Unlike objects in the Messier catalogue, which are listed roughly in the order of discovery by Messier and his colleagues, [ 5 ] the Caldwell catalogue is ordered by declination , with C1 being the most northerly and C109 being the most southerly ...
Primitive achondrites are a subdivision of meteorites.They are classified on the same rank (historically called "Class") and lying between chondrites and achondrites.They are called primitive because they are achondrites that have retained much of their original chondritic properties.
The nebulae listed by Barnard have become known as Barnard objects. [2] A 1919 version of the catalogue listed 182 nebulae; [3] by the time of the posthumously published 1927 version, it listed 369. [4] Barnard's niece and assistant Mary Ross Calvert, also an astronomer and astrographer, took an important part in creating the catalogue. [5]
Chondrules, metal grains, and other components likely formed in the solar nebula. These accreted together to form parent asteroids. Some of these bodies subsequently melted, forming metallic cores and olivine-rich mantles; others were aqueously altered. [35] After the asteroids had cooled, they were eroded by impacts for 4.5 billion years, or ...
The Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars was first published in 1786 by William Herschel in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. [1] In 1789, he added another 1,000 entries, [2] and finally another 500 in 1802, [3] bringing the total to 2,500 entries. This catalogue originated the usage of letters and catalogue ...