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In another reckoning, 108 is the number of possible dharmas or phenomena. In East Asian Buddhism, 108 can also represent 108 meditations, or the Buddhist 108 deities in the Diamond Realm Mandala. [2] Despite the varying explanations for the use of this number, the number itself has been kept consistent over centuries of practice. [4]
The custom was introduced to Japanese Zen temples during the Kamakura period (1185-1333), and at that time the temple bells were rung 108 times in the morning and evening each day. In the Muromachi period (1333-1573), the ringing of the temple bell 108 times in Zen temples became an event unique to Japanese Zen temples, held only on New Year's ...
The other Gōjū-ryū kata, Sanseru (meaning "36") and Seipai ("18") are factors of the number 108. [7] The 108 moves of the Yang Taijiquan long form and 108 moves in the Wing Chun wooden dummy form, taught by Ip Man, are noted in this regard. [10] The Eagle Claw Kung Fu style has a form known as the 108 Locking Hand Techniques. [15]
' Spirit, God, Deity, Divinity ') – A term broadly meaning spirit or deity, but has several separate meanings: deities mentioned in Japanese mythologies and local deities protecting areas, villages and families. [6] unnamed and non-anthropomorphic spirits found in natural phenomena. [6] a general sense of sacred power. [6]
This Japanese compound kotodama combines koto 言 "word; speech" and tama 霊 "spirit; soul" (or 魂 "soul; spirit; ghost") voiced as dama in rendaku. In contrast, the unvoiced kototama pronunciation especially refers to kototamagaku (言霊学, "study of kotodama"), which was popularized by Onisaburo Deguchi in the Oomoto religion.
A mantra (Pali: mantra) or mantram (Devanagari: मन्त्रम्) [1] is a sacred utterance, a numinous sound, a syllable, word or phonemes, or group of words (most often in an Indo-Iranian language like Sanskrit or Avestan) believed by practitioners to have religious, magical or spiritual powers.
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Omamori, another kind of Japanese talisman, shares the same origin as and may be considered as a smaller and portable version of ofuda. A specific type of ofuda is a talisman issued by a Shinto shrine on which is written the name of the shrine or its enshrined kami and stamped with the shrine's seal.