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The European Union Lifelong Learning Programme 2007–2013 has recognized the potential for PLNs by funding the aPLaNet project (Autonomous Personal Learning Networks for Language Teachers). The project explains the value of PLNs for the professional development of language educators.
The phrase professional learning community began to be used in the 1990s after Peter Senge's book The Fifth Discipline (1990) had popularized the idea of learning organizations, [1] [2]: 2 related to the idea of reflective practice espoused by Donald Schön in books such as The Reflective Turn: Case Studies in and on Educational Practice (1991).
In this seminal text, mostly referred to by architects, lists a "Network of Learning" as the 18th pattern, [7] and cites Illich's earlier book as "the most penetrating analysis and proposal for an alternative framework for education." Alexander et al. go on to advise builders and town planners interested in establishing learning networks with:
Will Richardson is an author and speaker on educational technology. [1] He has many published works, including the book, Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts, and other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms, [2] and the edublog Weblogg-ed which he wrote from 2001 to 2011. [3]
The Learning Teacher Network is an association of individuals, organisations and educational institutions in education and training. The network is formally composed of members with either individual or institutional membership but organises also a wider circle of individuals who link up, give active support or participate in network activities.
Virtual Communities of Practice may be especially effective for increasing teacher efficacy and reducing professional isolation in computer science education. [18] [19] Some questions remain as to what level of participation in an online community constitutes legitimate membership of an OCoP.
The use of the term "personalized learning" dates back to at least the early 1960s, [1] but there is no widespread agreement on the definition and components of a personal learning environment. [2] Even enthusiasts for the concept admit that personal learning is an evolving term and doesn't have any widely accepted definition. [3]
A social learning network (SLN) is a type of social network that results from interaction between learners, teachers, and modules of learning. [1] The modules and actors who form the SLN are defined by the specific social learning process taking place. [2] The set of learners and the set of teachers in an SLN cannot be disjoint.