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The clave (/ ˈ k l ɑː v eɪ, k l eɪ v /; Spanish:) [1] is a rhythmic pattern used as a tool for temporal organization in Brazilian and Cuban music.In Spanish, clave literally means key, clef, code, or keystone.
Pair of claves. The most fundamental rhythmic element in salsa music is a pattern and concept known as clave.Clave is a Spanish word meaning 'code,' 'key,' as in key to a mystery or puzzle, or 'keystone,' the wedge-shaped stone in the center of an arch that ties the other stones together. [2]
The tresillo pattern is the rhythmic basis of the ostinato bass tumbao in Cuban son-based musics, such as son montuno, mambo, salsa, and Latin jazz. [2] [3]Tresillo-based tumbao from "Alza los pies Congo", by Septeto Habanero (1925).
The other is held by the dominant hand at one end with a firmer grip, much like how one normally holds a drumstick. With the end of this clave, the player strikes the resting clave in the center. [6] Traditionally, the striking clave is called el macho ("the male") and the resting clave is called la hembra ("the female"). This terminology is ...
Tresillo is the rhythmic basis of many African and Afro-Cuban drum rhythms, as well as the ostinato bass tumbao in Cuban son-based musics, such as son montuno, mambo, salsa, and Latin jazz. [12] [13] The example below shows a tresillo-based tumbao from "Alza los pies Congo" by Septeto Habanero (1925).
Rumba clave in duple-pulse and triple-pulse structures. Rumba clave is the key pattern (guide pattern) used in guaguancó. There is some debate as to how the 4/4 rumba clave should be notated for guaguancó. [1] In actual practice, the third and fourth stroke often fall in rhythmic positions that do not fit neatly into music notation. [2]
Among its fundamental Hispanic components are the vocal style, lyrical metre and the primacy of the tres, derived from the Spanish guitar. On the other hand, its characteristic clave rhythm, call and response structure and percussion section (bongo, maracas, etc.) are all rooted in traditions of Bantu origin. [1]
The musical style of the coros de clave, and particularly its rhythm, gave rise to a popular song genre called clave, which most probably served as the original prototype for the creation of the criolla genre. [14] Both genres, the clave and the criolla, became very popular within the Cuban vernacular theater repertoire.