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A tenfold dilution for each step is called a logarithmic dilution or log-dilution, a 3.16-fold (10 0.5-fold) dilution is called a half-logarithmic dilution or half-log dilution, and a 1.78-fold (10 0.25-fold) dilution is called a quarter-logarithmic dilution or quarter-log dilution. Serial dilutions are widely used in experimental sciences ...
A 6C dilution repeats this process six times, ending up with the original material diluted by a factor of 100 −6 =10 −12. Higher dilutions follow the same pattern. In homeopathy, a solution that is more dilute is described as having a higher potency, and more dilute substances are considered by homeopaths to be stronger and deeper-acting. [12]
The sectors are labelled with the dilutions. In each sector, 1 x 20 μl of the appropriate dilution is dropped onto the surface of the agar and the drop allowed to spread naturally. In the original description of the method a drop from a height of 2.5 cm spread over an area of 1.5-2.0 cm.
The diluted material must be thoroughly mixed to achieve the true dilution. For example, in a solution with a 1:5 dilution ratio, entails combining 1 unit volume of solute (the material to be diluted) with 5 unit volumes of the solvent to give 6 total units of total volume. In photographic development, dilutions are normally given in a '1+x ...
The laboratory procedure involves making serial dilutions of the sample (1:10, 1:100, 1:1000, etc.) in sterile water and cultivating these on nutrient agar in a dish that is sealed and incubated. Typical media include plate count agar for a general count or MacConkey agar to count Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli .
The titer corresponds to the highest dilution factor that still yields a positive reading. [2] For example, positive readings in the first 8 serial, twofold dilutions translate into a titer of 1:256 (i.e., 2 −8). Titres are sometimes expressed by the denominator only, for example 1:256 is written 256. [3]
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Typically, ten-fold dilutions are used, and the dilution series is plated in replicates of 2 or 3 over the chosen range of dilutions. Often 100 μL are plated but also larger amounts up to 1 mL are used. Higher plating volumes increase drying times but often do not result in higher accuracy, since additional dilution steps may be needed. [5]