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Communism has been a part of French politics since the early 20th century at the latest. It has been described as "an enduring presence on the French political scene" for most of the 20th century. [1] In 1920, the French Section of the Communist International was founded. [2]
According to Mises, socialism would fail as demand cannot be known without prices. These arguments were elaborated by subsequent Austrian economists such as Hayek [3] and students such as Hans Sennholz. In 1977, Hayek argued that "prices are an instrument of communication and guidance which embody more information than we directly have" and ...
The number of people killed under Stalin's rule by the time of his death in 1953 has been estimated as 1–3 million by Stephen G. Wheatcroft, [115] 6–9 million by Timothy D. Snyder, [116] 13–20 million by Rosefielde, [117] 20 million by Courtois and Martin Malia, 20 to 25 million by Alexander Yakovlev [118] 43 million by Rummel [119] and ...
This includes general intellectual criticism about dogmatism, a lack of internal consistency, criticism related to materialism (both philosophical and historical), arguments that Marxism is a type of historical determinism or that it necessitates a suppression of individual rights, issues with the implementation of communism and economic issues ...
The French Communist Party and the Algerian War (1991) Kemp, Tom. Stalinism in France: The first twenty years of the French Communist Party. (London: New Park, 1984) Raymond, Gino G. The French Communist Party during the Fifth Republic: A Crisis of Leadership and Ideology (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005) Sacker, Richard. A Radiant Future.
[1] Other critics point out the difficulties the Eurocommunist parties had in developing a clear and recognisable strategy. [27] They observe that Eurocommunists have always claimed to be different—not only from Soviet communism, but also from social democracy—while in practice they were always very similar to at least one of these two ...
The French Communist Party (French: Parti communiste français, pronounced [paʁti kɔmynist fʁɑ̃sɛ], PCF) is a communist party in France. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left , and its MEPs sit with The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL group.
The God That Failed is a 1949 collection of six essays by Louis Fischer, André Gide, Arthur Koestler, Ignazio Silone, Stephen Spender, and Richard Wright. [1] The common theme of the essays is the authors' disillusionment with and abandonment of communism .