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An entity-level control is a control that helps to ensure that management directives pertaining to the entire entity are carried out. These controls are the second level [clarification needed] to understanding the risks of an organization.
Software assurance initiatives are programs and activities designed to ensure the quality, reliability, and security of software systems. These initiatives are important because software is used in a wide range of applications, from business operations to critical infrastructure, and defects or vulnerabilities in software can have serious consequences.
For example, controls can be classified by how/when/where they act relative to a security breach (sometimes termed control types): Preventive controls are intended to prevent an incident from occurring e.g. by locking out unauthorized intruders;
ERP system integrates business processes enabling procurement, payment, transport, human resources management, product management, and financial planning. [1] As ERP system stores confidential information, the Information Systems Audit and Control Association recommends to regularly conduct a comprehensive assessment of ERP system security, checking ERP servers for software vulnerabilities ...
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) [a] is the accounting standard adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), [1] and is the default accounting standard used by companies based in the United States.
The Certified Information Systems Auditor Review Manual 2006 by ISACA provides this definition of risk management: "Risk management is the process of identifying vulnerabilities and threats to the information resources used by an organization in achieving business objectives, and deciding what countermeasures, if any, to take in reducing risk ...
In the field of accounting, when reporting the financial statements of a company, accounting constraints (also known as the constraints of accounting) are boundaries, limitations, or guidelines. These constraints may allow for variations to the accounting standards an accountant is trying to follow.
Forensic accounting, forensic accountancy or financial forensics is the specialty practice area of accounting that investigates whether firms engage in financial reporting misconduct, [1] or financial misconduct within the workplace by employees, officers or directors of the organization. [2]