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Gynodioecy / ˌ dʒ ɪ n oʊ d aɪ ˈ iː s i / is a rare breeding system that is found in certain flowering plant species in which female and hermaphroditic plants coexist within a population. Gynodioecy is the evolutionary intermediate between hermaphroditism (exhibiting both female and male parts) and dioecy (having two distinct morphs: male ...
In gynomonoecious species, the plants produce hermaphrodite flowers and separate male-sterile pistillate flowers. [36] One example is the meadow saxifrage, Saxifraga granulata. [39] Charles Darwin gave several other examples in his 1877 book "The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species". [40]
In monomorphic sexual systems, a combination of hermaphrodite, male, and/or female flowers may be present on the same plant. Monomorphic sexual systems include monoecy, gynomonoecy, andromonoecy, and trimonoecy. In dimorphic sexual systems, individual plants within a species only produce one sort of flower, either hermaphrodite or male, or female.
Among flowering plants with unisexual flowers, some also produce hermaphrodite flowers, and the three types may occur in different arrangements on the same or separate plants. Plant species can thus be hermaphrodite, monoecious, dioecious, trioecious, polygamomonoecious, polygamodioecious, andromonoecious, or gynomonoecious.
A sequential hermaphrodite produces eggs (female gametes) and sperm (male gametes) at different stages in life. [2] Sequential hermaphroditism occurs in many fish, gastropods, and plants. Species that can undergo these changes do so as a normal event within their reproductive cycle, usually cued by either social structure or the achievement of ...
Cytoplasmic male sterility is total or partial male sterility in hermaphrodite organisms, as the result of specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. [1] Male sterility is the failure to produce functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes. Such male sterility in hermaphrodite populations leads to gynodioecious populations (populations ...
Andromonoecy is a breeding system of plant species in which male and hermaphrodite flowers are on the same plant. [1] It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with monoecy, gynomonoecy and trimonoecy. [2] Andromonoecy is frequent among genera with zygomorphic flowers, [3] however it is overall rare and occurs in less than 2% of plant ...
In most plant species, an individual has both male and female sex organs (a hermaphrodite). [24] The life cycle of land plants involves alternation of generations between a sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte. [25] The gametophyte produces sperm or egg cells by mitosis. The sporophyte produces spores by meiosis, which in turn develop into ...