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In statistics, binary data is a statistical data type consisting of categorical data that can take exactly two possible values, such as "A" and "B", or "heads" and "tails". It is also called dichotomous data , and an older term is quantal data . [ 1 ]
In statistics, specifically regression analysis, a binary regression estimates a relationship between one or more explanatory variables and a single output binary variable. Generally the probability of the two alternatives is modeled, instead of simply outputting a single value, as in linear regression .
The concept of data type is similar to the concept of level of measurement, but more specific. For example, count data requires a different distribution (e.g. a Poisson distribution or binomial distribution) than non-negative real-valued data require, but both fall under the same level of measurement (a ratio scale).
Binary classification is the task of classifying the elements of a set into one of two groups (each called class). Typical binary classification problems include: Medical testing to determine if a patient has a certain disease or not; Quality control in industry, deciding whether a specification has been met;
In statistics, the phi coefficient (or mean square contingency coefficient and denoted by φ or r φ) is a measure of association for two binary variables.. In machine learning, it is known as the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and used as a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications, introduced by biochemist Brian W. Matthews in 1975.
SOURCE: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, University of North Carolina at Greensboro (2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010). Read our methodology here. HuffPost and The Chronicle examined 201 public D-I schools from 2010-2014. Schools are ranked based on the percentage of their athletic budget that comes from subsidies.
The fundamental prevalence-independent statistics are sensitivity and specificity.. Sensitivity or True Positive Rate (TPR), also known as recall, is the proportion of people that tested positive and are positive (True Positive, TP) of all the people that actually are positive (Condition Positive, CP = TP + FN).
From January 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when L. John Doerr joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a 44.1 percent return on your investment, compared to a -2.8 percent return from the S&P 500.