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Ultramarine is a deep blue color pigment which was originally made by grinding lapis lazuli into a powder. [2] Its lengthy grinding and washing process makes the natural pigment quite valuable—roughly ten times more expensive than the stone it comes from and as expensive as gold .
Prussian blue is a dark blue pigment containing iron and cyanide produced by the oxidation of ferrous ferrocyanide salts. It was invented in Berlin between 1704 and 1710. It had an immediate impact on the pigment market, because its intense deep blue color approached the quality of ultramarine at a much lower price.
Hues of blue include indigo and ultramarine, closer to violet; pure blue, without any mixture of other colours; Azure, which is a lighter shade of blue, similar to the colour of the sky; Cyan, which is midway in the spectrum between blue and green, and the other blue-greens such as turquoise, teal, and aquamarine.
The opening stanza of "The Spectrum Song" tied each color to a specific note in a major scale, similar to the color-coding of a toy xylophone. Thus, the word "red" corresponded to the tonic , or octave note (Do), yellow was the major third or mediant note (Mi) (and the fourth note, Fa), green was the perfect fifth or dominant note (So), and so on.
This tradition can trace its origin to the Byzantine Empire, from circa 500 AD, where blue was "the color of an empress". A more practical explanation for the use of this color is that in Medieval and Renaissance Europe, the blue pigment was derived from the rock lapis lazuli, a stone imported from Afghanistan of greater value than gold. Beyond ...
He demonstrated that placing complementary colors, such as blue and yellow-orange or ultramarine and yellow, next to each other heightened the intensity of each color "to the apogee of their tonality." [51] In 1879 an American physicist, Ogden Rood, published a book charting the complementary colors of each color in the spectrum. [52]
The quotes from the World Trade Center site can be found in September Morning: Ten Years of Poems and Readings from the 9/11 Ceremonies New York City, compiled and edited by Sara Lukinson.
Jean-Baptiste Guimet (20 July 1795 – 8 April 1871), French industrial chemist, and inventor of synthetic colors, [2] was born at Voiron, Isère. He studied at the École Polytechnique in Paris , and in 1817 entered the Administration des Poudres et Salpêtres. [ 3 ]