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The ethics involved within pharmaceutical sales is built from the organizational ethics, which is a matter of system compliance, accountability and culture (Grace & Cohen, 2005). Organizational ethics are used when developing the marketing and sales strategy to both the public and the healthcare profession of the strategy. [ 1 ]
Current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are those conforming to the guidelines recommended by relevant agencies.Those agencies control the authorization and licensing of the manufacture and sale of food and beverages, [1] cosmetics, [2] pharmaceutical products, [3] dietary supplements, [4] and medical devices. [5]
Another essential precept of bioethics is its placement of cost on dialogue and presentation. Numerous dialogue based bioethics organizations exist in universities throughout the United States to champion precisely such goals. Examples include the Ohio State Bioethics Society [14] and the Bioethics Society of Cornell. [15]
Marketing to health-care providers takes three main forms: activity by pharmaceutical sales representatives, provision of drug samples, and sponsoring continuing medical education (CME). [1] The use of gifts, including pens and coffee mugs embossed with pharmaceutical product names, has been prohibited by PHRMA ethics guidelines since 2008.
The Heinz dilemma is a frequently used example in many ethics and morality classes. One well-known version of the dilemma, used in Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development, is stated as follows: [1] A woman was on her deathbed.
In 2002, he was convicted of pharmaceutical fraud and sentenced to federal prison. [33] Greenberg v. Miami Children's Hospital Research Institute: United States Florida: 2003 Patients donated tissue samples, which researchers subsequently used in a plan to generate profit. GlaxoSmithKline human experiments Various 2004–2012
This index of ethics articles puts articles relevant to well-known ethical (right and wrong, good and bad) debates and decisions in one place - including practical problems long known in philosophy, and the more abstract subjects in law, politics, and some professions and sciences.
Several national and international bodies have devised codes of ethics for conducting experiments and clinical trials. These include the Nuremberg Code and Helsinki Declaration [ 4 ] and the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa , which seeks to prohibit all medical and scientific ...