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Indonesian is the official language, but there are many different languages native to Indonesia. According to Ethnologue, there are currently 737 living languages spoken in Indonesia, [27] the most widely spoken being Javanese and Sundanese. In Western New Guinea, there are more than 270 indigenous languages in spoken form.
Indonesian is the official and dominant language of Jakarta, while many elderly people speak Dutch or Chinese, depending on their upbringing. English is used for communication, especially in Central and South Jakarta. [126] Each of the ethnic groups uses their mother tongue at home, such as Betawi, Javanese, and Sundanese.
Total population. On 21 January 2021, Statistics Indonesia released the result of the 2020 census. It found the total population of Indonesia to be 270,203,917 people, compared to the population in the year 2010 of 237,641,326 people. This is an increase of 32,562,591 people (13.70% in 10 years or an average of 1.25% per year).
All five of Jakarta's satellite cities also have passed one million mark in population, with the largest one being Bekasi. The other largest cities by region include Medan (Sumatra, also the largest outside of Java), Samarinda (Kalimantan), Denpasar (Lesser Sunda Islands), Makassar (Sulawesi), Ambon (Maluku Islands), and Jayapura (Western New ...
Culture of Indonesia. There are 1,340 [1][2] recognised ethnic groups in Indonesia, making it one of the most diverse countries in the world. The vast majority of those belong to the Austronesian peoples, with a sizeable minority being Melanesians. [3][4][5][6] Indonesia has the world's largest number of Austronesians and Melanesians.
There are hundreds of indigenous languages spoken in Indonesia. Most of them are locally used indigenous languages, [18] a category of languages referring to those spoken at the local, regional level, spoken by a small number of people, ranging from a few to a few thousands of people. These include small languages such as Benggoi, Mombum and Towei.
Java is the most populous major island in the world and is home to 56% of Indonesia's population, with a combined population of 156.4 million according to the official estimates as at mid 2023 (including Madura's 4.06 million). [63] At nearly 1,185 people per km 2 in 2023, it is also one of the most densely populated parts of the world, on a ...
The proportion of core city (Jakarta) population to the total population of the metropolitan area also declined significantly. In 2020, the population of Jakarta was only 30.4% of the total population of the Jakarta metropolitan area, continuing the trend of decline from 54.6% in 1990 to 43.2% in 2000 and to 35.5% in 2010.