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Halon systems are among the most effective and commonly used fire protection systems used on commercial aircraft. Halon 1301 is the primary agent used in commercial aviation engine, cargo compartments, and auxiliary power unit fire zones. [9] [10] Efforts to find a suitable replacement for Halon 1301 have not produced a widely accepted replacement.
Halon 1301 causes only slight giddiness at its effective concentration of 5%, and even at 15% those exposed remain conscious but impaired and suffer no long-term effects. (Experimental animals have also been exposed to 2% concentrations of Halon 1301 for 30 hours per week for 4 months, with no discernible health effects.
In the 1960s, fluoroalkanes and bromofluoroalkanes became available and were quickly recognized as being highly effective fire-fighting materials. Much early research with Halon 1301 was conducted under the auspices of the US Armed Forces, while Halon 1211 was, initially, mainly developed in the UK. By the late 1960s they were standard in many ...
Halon 1301 had been developed by DuPont and the United States Army in 1954. Both 1211 and 1301 work by inhibiting the chain reaction of the fire, and in the case of Halon 1211, cooling class A fuels as well. Halon is still in use today but is falling out of favor for many uses due to its environmental impact.
The HFC-227ea fire suppression agent was the first non-ozone-depleting replacement for Halon 1301. [citation needed] In addition, HFC-227ea leaves no residue on valuable equipment after discharge. [2] HFC-227ea contains no chlorine or bromine atoms, presenting no ozone depletion effect. Its atmospheric lifetime is approximated between 31 and 42 ...
Montreal Protocol enforced a phased ban on halon-based products. Pyrotechnically generated aerosol extinguishing agent (PGAEA) was first suggested by Senecal in 1992. [7] The United States Environmental Protection Agency has approved condensed aerosol fire suppression systems as acceptable substitutes for Halon 1301 in total flooding systems. [8]
FS 49 C2 is suitable to replace Halon 1301 as a "drop in" upgrade of existing Halon systems. Filling a room 12% by FS 49 C2 is sufficient to suppress a flame-based fire. Even though FS 49 C2 gas does not leave toxic gases behind, a self-contained breathing apparatus is recommended when in a fire site because in the process of extinguishing the ...
From the mid-1960s Halon 1301 was the industry standard for protecting high-value assets from the threat of fire. Halon 1301 had many benefits as a fire suppression agent; it is fast-acting, safe for assets and required minimal storage space. Halon 1301's major drawbacks are that it depletes atmospheric ozone and is