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  2. Letter of credit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_of_credit

    That is to say, a letter of credit is a payment method used to discharge the legal obligations for payment from the buyer to the seller, by having a bank pay the seller directly. Thus, the seller relies on the credit risk of the bank, rather than the buyer, to receive payment.

  3. Letters of Credit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Letters_of_Credit&...

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  4. Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Customs_and...

    The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) is a set of rules on the issuance and use of letters of credit. The UCP is utilized by bankers and commercial parties in more than 175 countries in trade finance. Some 11-15% of international trade utilizes letters of credit, totaling over a trillion dollars (US) each year.

  5. European Central Bank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Central_Bank

    Wim Duisenberg, first President of the ECB. The European Central Bank is the de facto successor of the European Monetary Institute (EMI). [7] The EMI was established at the start of the second stage of the EU's Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) to handle the transitional issues of states adopting the euro and prepare for the creation of the ECB and European System of Central Banks (ESCB). [7]

  6. Debt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt

    Common types of debt owed by individuals and households include mortgage loans, car loans, credit card debt, and income taxes. For individuals, debt is a means of using anticipated income and future purchasing power in the present before it has actually been earned. Commonly, people in industrialized nations use consumer debt to purchase houses ...

  7. Incoterms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incoterms

    Incoterms 2020 is the ninth set of international contract terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce, with the first set having been published in 1936. Incoterms 2020 defines 11 rules, the same number as defined by Incoterms 2010. [6] One rule of the 2010 version ("Delivered at Terminal"; DAT) [7] was removed, and is replaced by a ...

  8. Guarantee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarantee

    Guarantee. A guarantee is a form of transaction in which one person, to obtain some trust, confidence or credit for another, agrees to be answerable for them. It may also designate a treaty through which claims, rights or possessions are secured. [1] It is to be differentiated from the colloquial "personal guarantee" in that a guarantee is a ...

  9. Escrow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escrow

    Escrow. An escrow is a contractual arrangement in which a third party (the stakeholder or escrow agent) receives and disburses money or property for the primary transacting parties, with the disbursement dependent on conditions agreed to by the transacting parties. Examples include an account established by a broker for holding funds on behalf ...